Salta al contenuto principale


I'm listening to Graeber talk about "Debt: The First 5000 Years" (Google Talks).

Apparently the Anglican Bible obscures the connection to debt and in the Lord's Prayer talks about "trespasses". That's interesting.

The Swedish Bible, in all official translations from 1526 to 2000, has something that translates to "forgive us our debt, like we forgive those indebted to us" with minor spelling and grammar changes over the centuries.

in reply to clacke: exhausted pixie dream boy ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ’™๐Ÿ’›

The first Swedish translation commissioned by Gustav I was a straight translation of Martin Luther's German Bible. The ones before 1917 were minor spelling and grammar updates from previous versions, direct translations from older Swedish.

The last two translations by the government's Bible Commission, The Swedish Church Bible of 1917 and Bibel 2000, were based on original Hebrew, Aramaic and Greek texts, but also made effort to minimize changes in style from previous versions, so now I'm curious how Bibel 2000 would have looked in some timeline where an intermediate Swedish Bible would have been based on King James.

Would they have gone back to the phrasing in the original text or would they have said something like "debt and sin are the same word in the original, but in this passage it's clearly more about sin"?

The 1917 version was more cautious, but Bibel 2000 did make some controversial changes in accordance with the originals and updated theological, historical and literary understanding, so maybe they'd have rephrased it to debt. We'll never know. =)

in reply to clacke: exhausted pixie dream boy ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ’™๐Ÿ’›

we have a new one in the works here in Denmark, and it has been discussed.
Interestingly, the people most into the Bible already find the most recent translation too modern - so it is not entirely clear who lobbied for it.
"A more modern bible" does seem a bit of a paradox
in reply to Morten Juhl-Johansen

> "A more modern bible" does seem a bit of a paradox


Heh, I see what you mean, but we have learned a lot about the times the Bible was written and the people who wrote it since the first translations to Latin and other languages. And the translations we made since those first translations accumulated a lot of cruft that didn't come from the original sources.

That's why the Swedish Bibel 2000 was written based on proper scholarly understanding of the material and a critical eye to where texts were coming from and what they really meant.

That combined with updated language that is better understandable to an audience of today is reasonable to call a "modern Bible".


@Morten J. Zรถlde-Fejรฉr

in reply to clacke: exhausted pixie dream boy ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ’™๐Ÿ’›

I guess with "people most into the Bible" you don't mean nerds of ancient literature, culture and languages, but rather fundamentalist Christians with a literal interpretation of the Bible translation they grew up with.

Those people will of course be devastated to be told that maybe some lines text they have used to justify some part of their doctrine were based on a misunderstanding of the original message.

in reply to clacke: exhausted pixie dream boy ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ’™๐Ÿ’›

I was raised saying thus every Sunday:

"And forgive us our trespasses, as we forgive them that trespass against us."

from the New Matthew Version

...or "And forgive us our sins, as we forgive those who've sinned against us"

from the International Standard Version, depending on which of the usual churches I had attended growing up (United Church of Canada seemed to have a bit of latitude on what version of the bible was used lol)

in reply to clacke: exhausted pixie dream boy ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ’™๐Ÿ’›

NIV is the one most sold in the US and it has "And forgive us our debts, as we also have forgiven our debtors".

The Common English Bible is published by an alliance of denominations like Methodists, Episcopalians and US Presbyterians. The American Bible Society publishes the Good News Translation and the Common English Version, unclear who reads them and how widespread they are. These three talk about doing wrongs or wronging someone.

He is not referring to any of these.

biblegateway.com/verse/en/Mattโ€ฆ

in reply to clacke: exhausted pixie dream boy ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ’™๐Ÿ’›

Graeber: "Actually the Lord's Prayer, which we always remember through the Anglican translation, which is 'forgive us our trespasses just as we forgive those who trespass against us', sort of translated into these odd private property terms".

The only version that has "trespasses" is the New Matthew Bible, which is so obscure that Wikipedia doesn't know about it. Anglicans use the KJV.

in reply to clacke: exhausted pixie dream boy ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ’™๐Ÿ’›

So that's weird, but his main point is that Aramaic and, as we've discovered, most English translations and many other translations, see some level of equivalence or connection between sin and debt, as they are used as homonyms.

Also Matthew 18 ( libranet.de/display/0b6b25a8-1โ€ฆ ) confirms in explicit reference that not paying what you owe is an important form of wrongdoing. So even if Graeber is off on his reference, his point seems to hold.


@jay ๐ŸŒบ But then even in Matt 18:21 it starts (in the Swedish translation I'm reading) with talking about "how many times could my brother commit injustice against me and I should still forgive him" ... and then the first "injustice" Jesus can think of is a servant who owes their master money and is unable to pay. ๐Ÿ˜…

in reply to clacke: exhausted pixie dream boy ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ’™๐Ÿ’›

Oh! Apparently the en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book_of_โ€ฆ somehow comes from a different tradition (different Greek text even, dating back to the 4th (EDIT: 3rd) century) than the Bible text, and the BCP uses "trespasses" while the KJV uses "debts".

English-speaking Anglicans, Catholics and various independent denomination like Methodists all use the prayer from the BCP.

I didn't realize this could be the case, as in Sweden when the Bible was updated the prayer would be updated with it.

Thanks @makeworld for finding this!

merveilles.town/@makeworld/110โ€ฆ


> The Presbyterian and other Reformed churches tend to use the rendering "forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors". Roman Catholics, Lutherans, Anglicans and Methodists are more likely to say "trespassesโ€ฆ those who trespass against us".

Ctrl-F for trespasses, I think it's explained here. en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord%2โ€ฆ


Questa voce รจ stata modificata (1 anno fa)
in reply to clacke: exhausted pixie dream boy ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ’™๐Ÿ’›

> As early as the third century, Origen of Alexandria used the word trespasses (ฯ€ฮฑฯฮฑฯ€ฯ„ฯŽฮผฮฑฯ„ฮฑ) in the prayer. Although the Latin form that was traditionally used in Western Europe has debita (debts), most English-speaking Christians (except Scottish Presbyterians and some others of the Dutch Reformed tradition) use trespasses.


โ€Œen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord%27sโ€ฆ

in reply to clacke: exhausted pixie dream boy ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ’™๐Ÿ’›

Very interesting. In Flemish the word is "schulden", which means debts, but it also means wrongdoings or faults. I never thought it had anything to do with the concept of debt.
in reply to clacke: exhausted pixie dream boy ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ’™๐Ÿ’›

When I went to Catholic church services as a kid, the verbage was "forgive us our trespasses, as we forgive those who trespass against us." I believe this was updated to debt/debtors sometime within the last decade to better reflect the accurate translation.
in reply to Campbell Jones

@Campbell Jones Apparently the difference is that the prayer text comes from a different tradition than the Bible text.

libranet.de/display/0b6b25a8-1โ€ฆ
[share author='clacke: exhausted pixie dream boy ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ’™๐Ÿ’›' profile='https://libranet.de/profile/clacke' avatar='https://social.gl-como.it/photo/18760304785b81716103b0e169615410-5.jpg?ts=1727772697' link='https://libranet.de/display/0b6b25a8-1164-0df5-1d8d-e0a039488705' posted='2023-03-12 15:51:57' guid='0b6b25a8-1164-0df5-1d8d-e0a039488705' message_id='https://libranet.de/objects/0b6b25a8-1164-0df5-1d8d-e0a039488705']Oh! Apparently the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer somehow comes from a different tradition (different Greek text even, dating back to the 4th (EDIT: 3rd) century) than the Bible text, and the BCP uses "trespasses" while the KJV uses "debts".

English-speaking Anglicans, Catholics and various independent denomination like Methodists all use the prayer from the BCP.

I didn't realize this could be the case, as in Sweden when the Bible was updated the prayer would be updated with it.

Thanks @makeworld for finding this!

merveilles.town/@makeworld/110โ€ฆ

in reply to Bjรถrn Lindstrรถm

@Bjรถrn Lindstrรถm So we've carried that duality into Swedish, but "som stรฅr i skuld till oss" / "oss skyldiga รคro" is difficult for me to read as someone having wronged us in some way other than owing us something, at the very least owing us compensation for something they did.
in reply to Bjรถrn Lindstrรถm

@bkhl pรฅ dansk ogsรฅ "Forgiv os vor skyld, som vi ogsรฅ forgiver vore skyldnere" - men pรฅ dansk bruges "skyldnere" juridisk om รธkonomi
in reply to Morten Juhl-Johansen

@mjjzf I guess that's "skuldenรคr" in Swedish. Had they used that word in Swedish I'd also been associating it with financial debt, rather than moral debt.
in reply to clacke: exhausted pixie dream boy ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ’™๐Ÿ’›

The german version (that I know) goes "und vergib uns unsere Schuld, wie auch wir vergeben unseren Schuldigern". Schuld mostly means guilt/blame, but it can mean debt too, and here in this context it's really ambigous because "die Schuldiger" does mean "those indebted to us" mostly (it's not commmonly used anymore). I think (guilt and debt) towards god are really conflated in this version.
in reply to jay ๐ŸŒบ:disabled_heart:

I just looked it up in my bible (Luther, 1984 revision) and it has exactly this wording. There's a reference though that points to Matthew 18,21. This really makes it clear that even "Schuldiger" is meant in a sense of "those that sinned against me".
But why was this reference put there? Maybe in Luther's time the meaning of "Schuldiger" was more "sinned against me" than "indebted to me"? Maybe he wanted to skew the meaning. Maybe the revisors wanted to skew the meaning? Maybe he understood it thus, but the modern interpretation of the original texts doesn't support it that much?
But the ultimate question is of course, what do the original canonical texts say/mean. But that's of course up for interpretation, seeing how old they are and that languages change (and die out).

What's your opinion @Sandra?

in reply to jay ๐ŸŒบ:disabled_heart:

@jay ๐ŸŒบ But then even in Matt 18:21 it starts (in the Swedish translation I'm reading) with talking about "how many times could my brother commit injustice against me and I should still forgive him" ... and then the first "injustice" Jesus can think of is a servant who owes their master money and is unable to pay. ๐Ÿ˜…
in reply to jay ๐ŸŒบ:disabled_heart:

@j12i

"After the request for bread, Matthew and Luke diverge slightly. Matthew continues with a request for debts to be forgiven in the same manner as people have forgiven those who have debts against them. Luke, on the other hand, makes a similar request about sins being forgiven in the manner of debts being forgiven between people. The word "debts" (แฝ€ฯ†ฮตฮนฮปฮฎฮผฮฑฯ„ฮฑ) does not necessarily mean financial obligations, as shown by the use of the verbal form of the same word (แฝ€ฯ†ฮตฮฏฮปฮตฯ„ฮต) in passages such as Romans 13:8. The Aramaic word แธฅรดbรข can mean "debt" or "sin". This difference between Luke's and Matthew's wording could be explained by the original form of the prayer having been in Aramaic. The generally accepted interpretation is thus that the request is for forgiveness of sin, not of supposed loans granted by God. Asking for forgiveness from God was a staple of Jewish prayers (e.g., Penitential Psalms). It was also considered proper for individuals to be forgiving of others, so the sentiment expressed in the prayer would have been a common one of the time."

in reply to clacke: exhausted pixie dream boy ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ’™๐Ÿ’›

Funnily enough, in Dutch and German the word for โ€˜debtโ€™ is the same word as the word for โ€˜guiltโ€™.

They may have invented Capitalism but they sure were suspect about it.

Unknown parent

@makeworld Oh! So they use a translation that is not in the Bible version they use?

EDIT: Yes they do! See libranet.de/display/0b6b25a8-1โ€ฆ
[share author='clacke: exhausted pixie dream boy ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ’™๐Ÿ’›' profile='https://libranet.de/profile/clacke' avatar='https://social.gl-como.it/photo/18760304785b81716103b0e169615410-5.jpg?ts=1727772697' link='https://libranet.de/display/0b6b25a8-1164-0df5-1d8d-e0a039488705' posted='2023-03-12 15:51:57' guid='0b6b25a8-1164-0df5-1d8d-e0a039488705' message_id='https://libranet.de/objects/0b6b25a8-1164-0df5-1d8d-e0a039488705']Oh! Apparently the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer somehow comes from a different tradition (different Greek text even, dating back to the 4th (EDIT: 3rd) century) than the Bible text, and the BCP uses "trespasses" while the KJV uses "debts".

English-speaking Anglicans, Catholics and various independent denomination like Methodists all use the prayer from the BCP.

I didn't realize this could be the case, as in Sweden when the Bible was updated the prayer would be updated with it.

Thanks @makeworld for finding this!

merveilles.town/@makeworld/110โ€ฆ

Questa voce รจ stata modificata (1 anno fa)
in reply to clacke: exhausted pixie dream boy ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ’™๐Ÿ’›

The Nervous bible as it is called in jest en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Reviโ€ฆ has "And forgive us our debts, as we also have forgiven our debtors." in the Mathew version and "and forgive us our sins, for we ourselves forgive everyone indebted to us." as the translation from the book of Luke. I learned that from a wiki article on the Our Father.
It would be interesting to see the oldest greek texts - I don't think they were ever penned in aramaic originally? IDK :-)
in reply to Kermode

@gemlog

Here is the original text:

ฯ€ฮฌฯ„ฮตฯ แผกฮผแฟถฮฝ แฝ แผฮฝ ฯ„ฮฟแฟ–ฯ‚ ฮฟแฝฯฮฑฮฝฮฟแฟ–ฯ‚
แผฮณฮนฮฑฯƒฮธฮฎฯ„ฯ‰ ฯ„แฝธ แฝ„ฮฝฮฟฮผฮฌ ฯƒฮฟฯ…
แผฮปฮธฮญฯ„ฯ‰ แผก ฮฒฮฑฯƒฮนฮปฮตฮฏฮฑ ฯƒฮฟฯ…
ฮณฮตฮฝฮทฮธฮฎฯ„ฯ‰ ฯ„แฝธ ฮธฮญฮปฮทฮผฮฌ ฯƒฮฟฯ… แฝกฯ‚ แผฮฝ ฮฟแฝฯฮฑฮฝแฟท ฮบฮฑแฝถ แผฯ€แฝถ ฮณแฟ†ฯ‚
ฯ„แฝธฮฝ แผ„ฯฯ„ฮฟฮฝ แผกฮผแฟถฮฝ ฯ„แฝธฮฝ แผฯ€ฮนฮฟฯฯƒฮนฮฟฮฝ ฮดแฝธฯ‚ แผกฮผแฟ–ฮฝ ฯƒฮฎฮผฮตฯฮฟฮฝ
ฮบฮฑแฝถ แผ„ฯ†ฮตฯ‚ แผกฮผแฟ–ฮฝ ฯ„แฝฐ แฝ€ฯ†ฮตฮนฮปฮฎฮผฮฑฯ„ฮฑ แผกฮผแฟถฮฝ แฝกฯ‚ ฮบฮฑแฝถ แผกฮผฮตแฟ–ฯ‚ แผ€ฯ†ฮฎฮบฮฑฮผฮตฮฝ ฯ„ฮฟแฟ–ฯ‚ แฝ€ฯ†ฮตฮนฮปฮญฯ„ฮฑฮนฯ‚ แผกฮผแฟถฮฝ
ฮบฮฑแฝถ ฮผแฝด ฮตแผฐฯƒฮตฮฝฮญฮณฮบแฟƒฯ‚ แผกฮผแพถฯ‚ ฮตแผฐฯ‚ ฯ€ฮตฮนฯฮฑฯƒฮผฯŒฮฝ แผ€ฮปฮปแฝฐ แฟฅแฟฆฯƒฮฑฮน แผกฮผแพถฯ‚ แผ€ฯ€แฝธ ฯ„ฮฟแฟฆ ฯ€ฮฟฮฝฮทฯฮฟแฟฆ

in reply to Sandra

@Sandra
I'm guessing that the luke version and not the mathew one, but I don't know why it has some odd words in it.
Making a contract to be forgiven x only as much as you forgive x is clear anyhow.
@clacke

Questo sito utilizza cookie per riconosce gli utenti loggati e quelli che tornano a visitare. Proseguendo la navigazione su questo sito, accetti l'utilizzo di questi cookie.

โ‡ง